Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Arthropoda, Subphylum Chelicerata, Classis Arachnida
Araneidae
Dysderidae
Eresidae
Gnaphosidae
Linyphiidae
Lycosidae
Miturgidae
Oecobiidae
Philodromidae
Pholcidae
Pisauridae
Salticidae
Tetragnathidae
Theraphosidae
Theridiidae
Thomisidae
Zoropsidae
Order Araneae
132 familiae, 50,356 described species (August 2022)
8 legs, chelicerae with fangs able to inject venom, in a few species dangerous or even lethal to humans (less than 0.1 % according to Britannica) They have spinnerets that extrude silk, which they use to make cobwebs or in other ways.
Class Arachnida Order Araneae Familiy Araneidae
Orb-weaver spiders are the third-largest family of spiders. They build spiral wheel-shaped webs, often with a crisscross band of silk through the center of the web. Females are larger than males, sometimes slightly, but in some species up to be 9 times.
Class Arachnida Order Araneae Families Dysderidae, Eresidae, Gnaphosidae
Class Arachnida Order Araneae Family Linyphiidae
Class Arachnida Order Araneae Families Lycosidae, Miturgidae
Class Arachnida Order Araneae Families Oecobiidae, Philodromidae
Class Arachnida Order Araneae Families Pholcidae, Pisauridae, Tetragnathidae, Theraphosidae
Class Arachnida Order Araneae Family Salticidae
Class Arachnida Order Araneae Families Theridiidae, Thomisidae, Zoropsidae
Jumping spiders are the largest family of spiders. They do not build webs to catch preys, but use their silk for safety lines while jumping and also make something like tents for shelter from bad weather and sleep at night. They have an excellent vision, 8 eyes, with the 2 central very large that work like the zoom of a 3D camera.
Sheet weavers build "messy" web in bushes. Their scientific name is from Greek linyphikòs = weaving linen. They are the second largest family of spiders and in many countries are known also as money spiders, from the supertition that if such a spider runs on you, it spins you new clothes, meaning financial good fortune. Theiy sometimes drift through the air via a technique termed “ballooning”.
Dysderidae
They are also called as also known as woodlouse hunters, sowbug-eating spiders, and cell spiders. From Greek dìs-, pejorative prefix and dèris = combat, meaning, literally, against which one fought badly, wanting to indicate their ability to deal with opponents. They spend the day under the stones, especially if heated by the sun, where they build a spherical cocoon to lay their eggs. They hunt running.
Eresidae
Hairy, with a velvety texture,in English they are called velvet spiders.but also ladybird spiders, as males are red with black points.We can see them running around, while females, generally black abd much, much larger, stay guarding the lair. Some species are nearly social cooperate in brood rearing,
Gnaphosidae
Ground spiders hunt large and potentially dangerous prey, including other spiders, producing a gluey silk and attempting with it to entangle the legs and mouth of their prey.
Lycosidae
From Ancient Greek lúkos = wolf', Wolf spiders live mostly in solitude,are robust and agile and hunt alone on the ground and do not spin webs, 2 of their 8 eys eyes are large and prominent and they have a very good eyesight.
Miturgidae
From the Greek mìtos = weft thread, and èrgon = work, as they build elaborate sack-shaped canvases between plants or under stones.
Oecobiidae
From the Greek òikos = house + bìos = life, and the suffix -idae, which designates belonging to a family, as many species are often found inside homes.They are small and as as a hunting technique they tie the prey with their web, the Oecobius genus quickly runnning around it.
Philodromidae
From the Greek phìlos = friendly , dròmos = running probably for their quiet approaching the prey,Tehy are also callede running crab spiders but, unlike Thomisidae, the legs are generally similar in size
Pholcidae
With their typical very long and thin legs and the body resemblig a peanut, they are called cellar spiders, daddy long-legs spiders, carpenter spiders, vibrating spiders, skull spiders.They hang inverted in their messy and irregular-shaped webs, built in recesses such as caves, bark, or undisturbed areas of human habitations.
Pisauridae
Nursery web spiders resemble Lycosidae, but their eyes are all about the same size. They carry their egg sacs with their jaws and pedipalps. This family also includes fishing spiders and raft spiders.
Tetragnathidae
Long jawed spiders have elongated bodies, legs, and chelicerae, and build small orb webs with an open hub with few, wide-set radii and spirals with no signal line or retreat
Theridiidae
Called tangle-web spiders, cobweb spiders and comb-footed spiders, they are the most common arthropod found in human dwelling. The name is from Greek therìdion = small animal. Some species live on the webs of other spiders, taking prey that remain entangled in it and even pieces of cobweb or at times attacking the spider that built it
Thomisidae
They are commonly called crab spiders, for they have the two front pairs of legs extended outwards like the claws of a crab, flattened and angular body, and also for they can walk sideways and even backwards. They are also called flower spiders because the main habitat is in the flowers, or under the corollas, in lawns and gardens.
Zoropsidae
False wolf spiders do not build cobwebs and keep in ambush for their prey. They can be distinguished from Lycosidae because of their 8 eyes of the same size. They are quite common in country houses.
Theraphosidae
Tarantulas are big, hairy spiders,scary in stories and movies, but then popular in some homes as pets.Though their venom ist not generally very dangerous for humans, thier urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the and even damage to the eys.
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.JPG "Dysderidae")
 02.JPG "Eresidae")
 (2).JPG "Linyphiidae")
.jpg "Tetragnathidae")
.jpg "Thomisidae")
.jpg "Gasteracantha, sp")
.jpg "Gasteracantha, sp")
.jpg "Trichonephila clavata")
.jpg "Dysdera sp")
 01.jpg "Eresus cinnaberinus, m")
 03.JPG "Eresus cinnaberinus, m")
 (1).JPG "Neriene radiata")
.jpg "fam Tetragnathidae")
.jpg "Menemerus bivittatus-f")
.jpg "Menemerus bivittatus-f")
.jpg "Enoplognatha ovata")
.jpg "Enoplognatha ovata")
.jpg "Misumena vatia")
